RubyでシンプルなWebSocketサーバーをゼロから構築する

このコードをすべてまとめると、次のようなスクリプトが得られます。

require 'socket' # Provides TCPServer and TCPSocket classes
require 'digest/sha1'

server = TCPServer.new('localhost', 2345)

loop do

  # Wait for a connection
  socket = server.accept
  STDERR.puts "Incoming Request"

  # Read the HTTP request. We know it's finished when we see a line with nothing but \r\n
  http_request = ""
  while (line = socket.gets) && (line != "\r\n")
    http_request += line
  end

  # Grab the security key from the headers. If one isn't present, close the connection.
  if matches = http_request.match(/^Sec-WebSocket-Key: (\S+)/)
    websocket_key = matches[1]
    STDERR.puts "Websocket handshake detected with key: #{ websocket_key }"
  else
    STDERR.puts "Aborting non-websocket connection"
    socket.close
    next
  end


  response_key = Digest::SHA1.base64digest([websocket_key, "258EAFA5-E914-47DA-95CA-C5AB0DC85B11"].join)
  STDERR.puts "Responding to handshake with key: #{ response_key }"

  socket.write <<-eos
HTTP/1.1 101 Switching Protocols
Upgrade: websocket
Connection: Upgrade
Sec-WebSocket-Accept: #{ response_key }

  eos

  STDERR.puts "Handshake completed. Starting to parse the websocket frame."

  first_byte = socket.getbyte
  fin = first_byte & 0b10000000
  opcode = first_byte & 0b00001111

  raise "We don't support continuations" unless fin
  raise "We only support opcode 1" unless opcode == 1

  second_byte = socket.getbyte
  is_masked = second_byte & 0b10000000
  payload_size = second_byte & 0b01111111

  raise "All incoming frames should be masked according to the websocket spec" unless is_masked
  raise "We only support payloads < 126 bytes in length" unless payload_size < 126

  STDERR.puts "Payload size: #{ payload_size } bytes"

  mask = 4.times.map { socket.getbyte }
  STDERR.puts "Got mask: #{ mask.inspect }"

  data = payload_size.times.map { socket.getbyte }
  STDERR.puts "Got masked data: #{ data.inspect }"

  unmasked_data = data.each_with_index.map { |byte, i| byte ^ mask[i % 4] }
  STDERR.puts "Unmasked the data: #{ unmasked_data.inspect }"

  STDERR.puts "Converted to a string: #{ unmasked_data.pack('C*').force_encoding('utf-8').inspect }"

  socket.close
end

WebSocketテスターのWebページを更新してサーバーにリクエストを送信すると、次のような出力が表示されます。

$ ruby websocket_server.rb
Incoming Request
Websocket handshake detected with key: E4i4gDQc1XTIQcQxvf+ODA==
Responding to handshake with key: d9WHst60HtB4IvjOVevrexl0oLA=
Handshake completed. Starting to parse the websocket frame.
Payload size: 16 bytes
Got mask: [80, 191, 161, 254]
Got masked data: [19, 222, 207, 222, 41, 208, 212, 222, 56, 218, 192, 140, 112, 210, 196, 193]
Unmasked the data: [67, 97, 110, 32, 121, 111, 117, 32, 104, 101, 97, 114, 32, 109, 101, 63]
Converted to a string: "Can you hear me?"

output = [0b10000001]

output = [0b10000001, response.size]

response = "Loud and clear!"
STDERR.puts "Sending response: #{ response.inspect }"

output = [0b10000001, response.size, response]

socket.write output.pack("CCA#{ response.size }")